Upmeyer .:. Attitudes and behavioral decisions

Upmeyer, Arnold [Hrsg.],
Attitudes and behavioral decisions. New York, Berlin, Heidelberg, London, Paris, Tokyo: Springer, 1989. XII, 268 Seiten mit 30 graphischen Darstellungen, Literaturverzeichnis und Register. Pappband (gebunden). Grossoktav. 240 x 160 mm. 572 g

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* Springer series in social psychology
Bestell-Nr.158351 | ISBN: 978-3-540-96727-9

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Upmeyer | Psychologie | Entscheidungsfindung | Soziologie | Sozialpsychologie

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This book summarizes significant empirical and theoretical work performed as part of a large-scale, cross-university research project concerning the relationship between attitudes and behavior. The contributions are more than just a compilation of research results. Rather, they are original syntheses of fresh empirical findings and an up-to-date exposition of the entire program of current work. Attitudes and Behavioral Decisions emphasizes the cognitive processes and cognitive structures that predispose a person's behavior, that accom-pany behavior, or that change as a result of prior behavior.

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Contents
Preface v
Contributors xi
1. Strategies for Exploring Attitudes and Behavior 1
Arnold Upmeyer and Bernd Six
Statistical Prediction Models 2\
Decision Research 7
Goal-Directed Behavior 9
The Process o f Preparing for Action 11
Affinity o f Judgment a n d Behavior 12
Latent Attitude Structures . . . . : 13
Heuristics a n d Biases ; 14
The Experimental Approach 15
2. A Component Theory for Attitude Objects 19
Paul Dohmen, Jorg Doll, and Hubert Feger
Definitions a n d Notations 19
Basic Assumptions o f the Component Theory 21
Some Implications a n d Simplifying Assumptions 22
Empirical Results 24
Prediction o f Behavior Toward Attitude Objects 46
Formal Models 49
3. Cognitive Choice Processes and the Attitude-Behavior Relation . . . 61
Dietrich Albert, K Michael Aschenbrenner, and Franz Schmalhofer
Fishbein a n d Ajzen's Contribution to the Attitude-Behavior
Problem 61
The Theory o f Reasoned Action, A Process Model? 63
Principles for Analyzing Cognitive Choice Processes 64
General Method o f Empirical Investigation 65
Criterion-Dependent Choice Models 68
Empirical Results 75
Comparison with Other Models 90
Alternative Based Aggregation into Holistic Evaluations
o r Attitudes? 91
General Discussion 94
4. Changing Choices: Why and How, If At All 101
Helmut Jungermann, Regine S. May, JiXrgen Hagebock,
Margarete Isermann-Gerke, and Hans-Riidiger Pfister
Theoretical Framework 103
Experiments 108
A Wider Perspective 120
5. A Computer Simulation System for Individual Decision
Processes 125
Alwin Engemann, Margarete Radtke, and Stefan Sachs
Attitude a n d Behavior 125
Decision Research 126
Computer Simulation 127
A Computer Simulation System for Individual
Decision Making 128
Linking REASON a n d HEURISCO 141
Recent Developments 142
Appendix A: Description o f the Heuristics Used in the Study
b y Jungermann et al. (1985) 143
Appendix B: Technical Realization o f HEURISCO 144
6. Egotism and Altruism in Social Dilemmata 149
Dirk Wendt, Margit Popp, Andreas Wettengel, and
Monika Isis Ksiensik
Union Dilemma Game 150
Prisoner's Dilemma G a m e 152
Commons Dilemma G a m e 153
Empirical Studies 155
Conclusion 159
7. Predicting Behavior in Natural Settings: Four Field Studies . . . . 163
Bernd Six, Barbara Krahe, and Thomas Eckes
Basic Concepts a n d Applied Perspectives in Attitude-Behavior
Research 163
Contents ix
Searching for Medium-Range Models o f Behavior Prediction . . . 166
Putting the Models to Test 167
General Discussion 178
8. Expectations and Decisions 183
Karl Westhoff
Theory 183
Facets o f Expectation 185
Counter Model o f Evaluated Expectations in
Predicting Decisions 191
Experiment: Changing Expectations 194
Discussion 212
9. Behavior as an Expressive Function of Attitudes 217
Hans-Gunter Roth and Arnold Upmeyer
Prediction o f Behavior 217
The New Trend 218
Structures o f Attitude a n d Behavior 219
Biases 225
The Response Process 227
Testing Aspects o f the Theory ( 228
Study 1 230
Study 2 239
Study 3 244
Final Discussion 247
Author Index 255
Subject Index 261

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